HOMO EDUCATOR

Evidencias arquitectónicas de filiación Inca en el Valle Sagrado de Tulipe

Holguer Jara Chávez — Sun, 31 Mar 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The natural and cultural landscape of the northwest of Pichincha and the entire subtropical territory of the Chocó Andino is full of archaeological remains attributed to the Yumbos, a farming and trading people whose existence dates back to 500 AD and who, due to volcanic eruptions of the Guagua Pichincha, disappeared in 1660.
Among their tangible evidence are hundreds of truncated pyramids or “tolas”, petroglyphs, movable materials, a peculiar network of “culuncos” or paths that linked the coast with the mountains and, above all, the Great Ceremonial Center of pools in the Sacred Valley of Tulipe. To the southwest of this valley and in association with the set of sunken structures, we have rescued a small sample of terraces or platforms with their retaining walls, built with boulders and humus soil mortar. The function of these terraces was twofold: topographically, they corrected the gradient of the small channel that carried the water to the pools; and, at the same time, they served as a tribune, from where the countless participants could observe the festive rituals that

Entre lo patrimonial, las plantas en la Plaza de la Independencia, Quito DM.

Carlos Cerón Martínez — Sat, 20 Apr 2024 00:00:00 +0000

In order to document the presence of plant species in the Plaza de la Independencia, located in the historic center of the city of Quito, declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO, this year botanical information was collected by capturing photographic images and some herborizations. The results found include the presence of 47 species, mostly trees, several introduced from other countries and only one endemic, of these 10 are in the category of heritage, of all plants photographs are included. The patrimonial character of the Independence Square should maintain a correlation with the presence of native and endemic flora.

LITERATURA: Del mito a la fábula de la destrucción de los grandes relato

Pablo Yépez Maldonado — Wed, 15 May 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The text analyzes the evolution of literature from antiquity to modernity, focusing on the transformation of great stories. It begins with ancient literature, where myths and epics structured chaos, subordinating human existence to supernatural forces. With modernity, there is a secularization of thought and a displacement of God, giving rise to the figure of the auto nomous subject and the novel as a new literary genre. Unlike the epic hero, the protagonist of the modern novel is isolated, searching for meaning in a fragmented world and losing the clarity of purpose that collective narratives once offered. The article emphasizes how literature
expresses the struggle of human beings to understand and rationalize their existence in an increasingly complex and contradictory environment.

¿Qué historia enseñar a inicios del siglo XXI?

Edgar Isch López — Tue, 25 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The article "What history to teach at the beginning of the 21st century?" addresses the complexity and importance of teaching history in modern education. With an important question about the idea that there is a single impartial version of history, knowing that it is a scientific discipline that analyzes human development, connected to the present and the future. Teaching history today means going beyond the mere memorization of dates and characters to focus on the explanation of social processes and their current impacts.

The importance of collective memory in social construction is highlighted and how
this differs from the scientific approach to history, although memory remains an essential source. Likewise, the challenges that historical science faces, mainly in the face of ideological attacks that seek to weaken critical thinking and the usefulness of the social sciences.
Its content emphasizes the need for history teaching that develops critical thinking in students, allowing them to analyze historical processes in a deep and contextualized way; which includes overcoming Eurocentric approaches and recognizing the contributions of different social groups, especially marginalized ones. Finally, it proposes a teaching of history that is critical, interdisciplinary and contextualized, avoiding errors such as presentism or moralism, to form a youth capable of understanding and transforming their sociohistorical reality.

Razones para preferir la semiesclavitud. Afrodescendientes que se quedaron en la Hacienda San José – Ecuador, después de la manumisión 1850–1970

Eloy Alfaro — Sat, 15 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The article explores the history and dynamics of Hacienda San José in the canton of San Miguel de Urcuquí, Ecuador, until it became a prosperous production center under the direction of Jacinto Jijón y Caamaño since the beginning of the 20th century, housing an Afro-descendant community that He lived and worked closely with the local indigenous population.
Alfaro analyzes how the moral economy and Afro-descendant cultural practices were intertwined with the hacienda economic system, highlighting that the relationship with the Afro population was rooted in a complex network of reciprocity and domination. The term "moral economy", developed by Thompson, is used to understand how cultural values and social norms influence economic behaviors, revealing resistance and submission in contexts of traditional agrarian production.
The study focuses on the period from 1900 to 1977, a time when San José became an industrialized hacienda with a modern sugar mill. The sale of the hacienda in the 1970s meant the end of the productive system and the eventual departure of the Afro-descendant population, who had been deeply integrated into the operation of the hacienda. Testimonies from former hacienda workers were also used to reconstruct history and highlight how memory and oral narrative are crucial to understanding the experiences of Afro-descendants and their relationship with the hacienda. The narration of these testimonies helps to “redeem” the history of those who were dominated and to reveal invisible aspects of the past.