OBSERVATORIO DE FINANCIAMIENTO PARA EL DESARROLLO

October plebiscite defines the future of social security in Uruguay

Antonio Elías — 2024-09-01

The article addresses the initiative in Uruguay to reform the constitution and enshrine social security as a fundamental human right. This proposal arises after popular dissatisfaction with the current system, evidenced by more than 430,000 signatures for a plebiscite. The model of inequality that justifies cuts in rights, resulting in insufficient retirements, is criticized. The reform seeks to establish principles such as universality and social solidarity, allowing social organizations to promote changes when the political system does not respond to citizen demands. Thus, the aim is to guarantee a social security system that ensures decent conditions for future liabilities.

Lights and shadows of the Colombian pension reform

Diego Otero Prado — 2024-09-01

In Colombia, Law 2381 was approved in July 2024, which introduces a pension reform while maintaining the public COLPENSIONES fund and the private funds. The reform seeks to improve pensions for those earning between one and 2,3 minimum wages, but harms those with higher incomes, with significant losses in their pensions. In addition, the private funds obtain considerable benefits, which has generated controversy and doubts about the constitutionality of the law due to the lack of debate in the Senate.

Latin America facing a scenario of growing uncertainties

Jorge Marchini — 2024-09-27

The article examines the challenges facing Latin America in a global context marked by conflicts and crises, such as the financial crisis of 2008 and the pandemic of 2020/2021. These crises have exposed and deepened structural imbalances in the region, disproportionately affecting the most vulnerable sectors. Despite public bailouts, the costs fall on those who have the least, perpetuating inequality. In addition, the need to diversify economies and adapt to new trade dynamics is highlighted, in an environment where confidence in globalization has diminished significantly.

Notes on integration and bioceanity

Luciano Wexell Severo — 2024-09-30

In a changing world and with Lula's return to power, Brazil resumes integration initiatives that were once proposed and are now updated. This is crucial in a multipolar world with new trade axes and the need to resume value-added development strategies that overcome the primarization of exports and generate growth, employment and an increase in manufacturing production as well as in the knowledge economy.

Doubts about the evolution of population and GDP per capita

Pablo Samaniego Ponce — 2024-09-30

This article compiles information on deaths, births and the migratory balance, in order to analyze the veracity of the assumptions of population growth since the pandemic. It is found that, based on these records, the population has hardly grown at all, which is strongly conditioned by the fall in births and the increase in emigration.

Presentación Nota Técnica Nº 7

Katiuska King Mantilla — 2024-09-30

The seventh Technical Note presents two articles on recent changes in pension systems in Uruguay and Colombia. It also includes two articles on integration issues, one more conceptual and the other on what is currently happening in Brazil. It concludes with an article on population projections in Ecuador.